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Diabetes mellitus is characterized by glucose intolerance, chronic hyperglycemia, and disturbances of carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism (Huether & Mccance, 2016). Generally, a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is based on elevated plasma glucose concentrations and measurement of glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C). Genetic susceptibility in combination with other environmental risk factors such as obesity place someone at higher risk for DM II. Obesity contributes to metabolic syndrome, altered adipokines, increased fatty acids, inflammation, and hyperinsulinemia, increasing insulin resistance further (Huether & Mccance, 2016).
Acute complications such as diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome are life threatening (in the short term), but not as common as the long-term life-threatening chronic complications of diabetes mellitus. Most long-term complications related to hyperglycemia are sequelae of hyperglycemia on the micro and macro vasculature.
Identify a long-term complication of the vasculature (micro or macro) related to diabetes, the clinical manifestations, and other health concerns they may contribute to.
