Cardiovascular Disorders

As the leading cause of death in the United States for both men and women, cardiovascular disorders account for 7 million hospitalizations per year (NCSL, 2012). This is the result of the extensive treatment and care that is often required for patients with cardiovascular disorders. While some disorders progress slowly, others progress rapidly and may lead to death in a matter of minutes. Therefore, it is important that you, as an advanced practice nurse, are able to quickly recognize signs and symptoms of cardiovascular disorders. As you assist physicians with the diagnosis and treatment of patients, it is essential to consider individual patient factors that might impact treatment and care.

To prepare:

• Review this week’s media presentations on alterations of cardiovascular function and hypertension and hyperlipidemia.
• Select one of the following alterations of cardiovascular disorders:

o    Anaphylactic shock

o    Chronic venous insufficiency

o    Congestive heart failure

o    Coronary artery disease

o    Dysrhythmia

o    Heart murmur

o    Hypertension

o    Myocardial infarction

o    Peripheral arterial disease

o    Venous thrombosis

• Consider the pathophysiology of the alteration you selected, as well as drugs that would be used for treatment.
• Select one of the following patient factors: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, and behavior. Think about how the factor you selected might impact the pathophysiology of the alteration and effects of prescribed drugs.
• Reflect on how to educate these patients on the alteration, treatment options, management, and self-care.

Questions to be addressed in my paper:

1. A description of the pathophysiology of the alteration you selected, as well as drugs that would be used for treatment.
2. Explain how the factor you selected might impact the pathophysiology and effects of prescribed drugs.
3. Explain how to educate patients on the alteration, treatment options, management, and self-care.

 

4. Summary with Conclusion

 

REMINDERS:

 

1)      2-3 pages (addressing the 4 questions above excluding the title page and reference page).

2)      Kindly follow APA format for the citation and references! References should be between the period of 2011 and 2016. Please utilize the references at least three below as much as possible and the rest from yours.

3)     Make headings for each question.

 

References:

Readings

• Huether, S. E., & McCance, K. L. (2012).Understanding pathophysiology (Laureate custom ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.

o    Chapter 22, “Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems”

This chapter examines the circulatory system, heart, systemic circulation, and lymphatic system to establish a foundation for normal cardiovascular function. It focuses on the structure and function of various parts of the circulatory system to illustrate normal blood flow.

o    Chapter 23, “Alterations of Cardiovascular Function”

This chapter presents the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, evaluation, and treatment of various cardiovascular disorders. It focuses on diseases of the veins and arteries, disorders of the heart wall, heart disease, and shock.

o    Chapter 24, “Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children”

This chapter examines cardiovascular disorders that affect children. It distinguishes congenital heart disease from acquired cardiovascular disorders.

• Poole Arcangelo, V., & Peterson, A. M. (Eds.). (2013).Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice: A practical approach (3rd ed.). Ambler, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

o    Chapter 19, “Hypertension”

This chapter examines the relationships between the cardiovascular, nervous, and renal systems. It then describes diagnostic criteria for hypertension patients, drugs used to treat hypertension and possible adverse reactions, monitoring patient response, and patient education.

o    Chapter 20, “Hyperlipidemia”

This chapter explores causes of hyperlipidemia, treatments for hyperlipidemia patients, and methods for monitoring patient response. It also reviews strategies for risk assessment and patient education.

o    Chapter 21, “Chronic Stable Angina”

This chapter begins by exploring factors that contribute to chronic stable angina, types of drugs used in treatment, and diagnostic criteria for initiating drug therapy. It also examines methods for monitoring patient response to treatment and educating patients on self-care.

o    Chapter 22, “Heart Failure”

This chapter examines the process of prescribing drugs to treat heart failure. It also explores effects of prescribed drugs, proper dosages, and possible adverse reactions.

o    Chapter 49, “Anticoagulation Disturbances”

This chapter covers drug therapy options for three disorders requiring anticoagulants: venous thromboembolism, atrial fibrillation, and ischemic stroke. It also explains the process of initiating and managing drug therapy for patients with these disorders.

• Drugs.com. (2012). Retrieved fromwww.drugs.com

  This website presents a comprehensive review of prescription and over-the-counter drugs, including information on common uses and potential side effects. It also provides updates relating to new drugs on the market, support from health professionals, and a drug-drug interactions checker.

Media

• Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2012a).Alterations of cardiovascular function. Baltimore, MD: Author.

  This media presentation outlines common alterations of cardiovascular function including disorders of the veins and arteries.

• Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2012f).Hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Baltimore, MD: Author.

  This media presentation outlines hypertension and hyperlipidemia including contributing factors, evaluation, treatment, and implications.

Optional Resources

• American Heart Association. (2012). Retrieved fromhttp://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.). Retrieved August 10, 2012, fromhttp://www.cdc.gov
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2012). Million hearts [Online resource]. Retrieved fromhttp://millionhearts.hhs.gov/index.html
• Haymarket Media, Inc. (2012). Monthly prescribing reference [Online database]. Retrieved fromhttp://www.empr.com/
• Institute for Safe Medication Practices. (2012). Retrieved fromhttp://www.ismp.org/
• National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. (n.d.). Retrieved August 10, 2012, fromhttp://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/
• Medscape. (2012). Retrieved fromhttp://www.medscape.com/